Water pollution –its causes, prevention and conservation

Water pollution has become the major source of concern these days. There are different human activities which are responsible for affecting quality of water that includes industry waste, disposal of human waste, urbanization, population growth, etc. In country like India where water pollution is caused excessively due to Industrial, agriculture and sewage waste, as a result this affects the quality of drinking water directly or indirectly polluting rivers, lake and sea. Moreover there is not enough facility to treat this waste water in many cities in India. On the other hand due to consistent growth of industries has not only resulted in to water pollution but it has also leaded to rise in air pollution as well. Water pollution in India is rapidly increasing as one of the reasons is polluted water gets transported to different cities via medium of rivers, etc. Water pollution has not only affected human life but it also has severely affected marine ecosystem as a whole.
In general, there are many causes of water pollution. Some of the causes of water pollution are listed below:
• Industrial waste
• Sewage and waste water
• Oil spills
• Underground storage leakages
• Global warming (Climate change)
• Radioactive waste
• Dumping waste in to marine environment
It has become essential to find solutions to mitigate the problem of water pollution. There can be some effective water pollution prevention solutions which can be brought in to practice, they are as listed below:
• One of the good measures of water pollution prevention is primary education and awareness. People can be made aware by conducting different programs like drama, videos, etc. which shows significance of water.
• Usage of chemicals and fertilizers may reduce risk of water pollution up to certain extent
• Installation of an effective filtration system will also help in prevention of water pollution
• Garbage or drains should be cleaned regularly
Henceforth, ultimate decision depends on us on how seriously we commit ourselves in order to prevent water pollution.
Moreover it is not only our moral responsibility to control water pollution; it is also our duty to conserve water. One of the major examples of water conservation is harvesting rain water. One can utilize harvested rain water for domestic and agriculture use. Ponds, wells, etc are also an effective medium for saving rain water. Prime benefit of saving rain water is it is pure and drinkable.
Benefits related to water conservation are as follows:
• It reduces scarcity of water
• Ecosystem and habitat is protected
• Improves the quality of drinking water
• Improves quality of ground water
• Environment friendly
Hence water is the prime source of livelihood for all living creatures; it is our responsibility to tackle to the issues related to complex sources of pollution which can be either in form of Industrial waste, sewage waste or agriculture run off. Perhaps there are many water pollution prevention techniques and more good technologies are developing for that which can be catered for reducing the level of pollution. Still there is much to be done over this issue, but at least we can start with small initiative.