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Articles from Thomas Schmitt | Selfgrowth.com
- Type 1 Diabetes Autoantibody Diagnosis - by Submitted on Oct 30, 2023 from Thomas SchmittType 1 diabetes (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of beta cells, leading to the destruction of related pancreatic islet functions. In patients with this disease, both humoral and cellular immunity generally do not work properly. Among them, humoral immunity is mainly ...
Views: 256 - Type 1 Diabetes Autoantibody Research - by Submitted on Oct 30, 2023 from Thomas SchmittType 1 diabetes (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of beta cells first, leading to the destruction of related pancreatic islet function. In patients with this disease, generally their humoral immunity and cellular immunity cannot work normally. Humoral immunity is ...
Views: 306 - Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) Manufacture Platform - by Submitted on Dec 29, 2019 from Thomas Schmitt1. What Is Virus-Like Particles? Virus-like particles (VLPs) consist of all or part of a protein that forms a viral capsid but lacks a genomic material, similar to the structure of a virus, but cannot replicate in cells, precluding any possibility of reversing mutations or pathogen infection. ...
Views: 496 - Want A Quick Understanding for Your Dendrimers?Read This! - by Submitted on Apr 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittWhat Are Dendrimers? Dendrimers are nano-sized, radially symmetric molecules with well-defined, homogeneous, and monodisperse structure consisting of tree-like arms or branches. These hyperbranched molecules were first discovered by Fritz Vogtle in 1978, by Donald Tomalia and co-workers in ...
Views: 566 - What are AMOTs? - by Submitted on May 08, 2023 from Thomas SchmittAMOT family, also known as the Motin family, has three members: angiomotin (AMOT), angiomotin-like protein 1 (AMOTL1), and angiomotin-like protein 2 (AMOTL2). There are two shear isomers of AMOT, AMOT-P130 and AMOT-P80. AMOT was first discovered and named in 2001. Existing studies have shown ...
Views: 337 - What are Biopolymers? - by Submitted on Sep 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittBiodegradable polymers are most often referred to as “biopolymers” because most of these polymers are derived from various natural sources. There are few in the list of biodegradable biopolymers in nature. PLA, PHA and starch are the most commonly used biopolymers that have minimal or minimal ...
Views: 401 - What Are Block Copolymer Micelles? - by Submitted on Sep 30, 2021 from Thomas Schmittlock copolymer micelles are generally formed by the self-assembly of either amphiphilic or oppositely charged copolymers in aqueous medium. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks form the corona and the core of the micelles, respectively. Block copolymer micellescan be classified according to ...
Views: 450 - What Are Carbon Quantum Dots? - by Submitted on Feb 28, 2022 from Thomas SchmittCarbon dots, also known as carbon quantum dots (CQDs, CDs, or C-dots) or graphene quantum dots, possess chemical structure and physical properties similar to those of graphene oxide. Carbon quantum dots were accidentally discovered during purification of single-wall nanotubes in 2004 and have ...
Views: 303 - What Are Contrast Agents for Computed Tomography? - by Submitted on Aug 24, 2022 from Thomas SchmittComputed tomography, or CT, was developed in 1960s and early 1970s. It refers to a computerized X-ray imaging procedure in which a narrow beam of X-rays is aimed at the patient and rapidly revolves around the body, producing signals that are processed by a machine computer to generate a ...
Views: 349 - What Are D-Glucosamines? - by Submitted on May 24, 2022 from Thomas SchmittGlucosamine is a natural component of cartilage and is widely used as an over-the-counter nutritional supplement to reduce the pain and cartilage loss of osteoarthritis. Glucosamine is usually taken in combination with chondroitin, which is a glycosaminoglycan that also exists in ...
Views: 362 - What Are D-Glucosamines? - by Submitted on Jun 13, 2022 from Thomas SchmittGlucosamine is a natural component of cartilage and is widely used as an over-the-counter nutritional supplement to reduce the pain and cartilage loss of osteoarthritis. Glucosamine is usually taken in combination with chondroitin, which is a glycosaminoglycan that also exists in ...
Views: 380 - What Are Dextrans? - by Submitted on Feb 28, 2022 from Thomas SchmittDextran is a polysaccharide comprised of d-glucopyranose (d-glucose) repeating units linked through glycosidic linkages. It is biocompatible, biodegradable, and presents antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Dextran functional hydroxyl (–OH) groups offer an easy point for chemical ...
Views: 359 - What Are Gold NanoCages? - by Submitted on Dec 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittGold nanocages refer to the hollow gold nanostructures with porous walls that were developed by Sun and Xia and Chen et al. in the early 2000s. The hollow and porous structures are synthesized by the galvanic replacement between silver nanocubes and chloroauric acid in aqueous solution. By ...
Views: 339 - What Are Gold Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Jun 24, 2021 from Thomas SchmittGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are small gold particles with a diameter of 1 to 100 nm. Once dispersed in water, AuNPs are also known as colloidal gold. What are gold nanoparticles used for? AuNPs have been widely applied in bionanotechnology due to their unique properties and multiple surface ...
Views: 414 - What Are Gold Nanorods? - by Submitted on Jan 05, 2022 from Thomas SchmittGold nanorods, as a kind of capsule-like gold nanoparticles with a scale from a few nanometers to hundreds of nanometers, have more peculiar optical properties than spherical gold nanoparticles due to their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. Gold nanorods are biomaterials ...
Views: 357 - What Are Heparins? - by Submitted on Apr 25, 2022 from Thomas SchmittHeparin, also known as standard heparin or unfractionated heparin, is a linear polysaccharide consisting of 1-4 linked disaccharide repeat units of uronic acid and glucosamine residues. Heparin was discovered nearly 100 years ago and has been used clinically as a blood anticoagulant since 1935. ...
Views: 313 - What Are Iron Oxide Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Oct 31, 2022 from Thomas SchmittIron oxides are common compounds, which are widespread in nature and can be readily synthesized in the laboratory. Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) typically refer to the materials that consist of magnetite (Fe3O4) or maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) and have a size ranging from 1 to 100 nm. These ...
Views: 327 - What Are Liposomes? - by Submitted on Jun 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLiposomes are small artificial sphere-shaped vesicles consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers, which were first described in the mid-60s. Today, they are a very useful reproduction, reagent, and tool in various scientific disciplines, including mathematics and theoretical physics, ...
Views: 443 - What Are Melamine Resin Particles? - by Submitted on May 24, 2022 from Thomas SchmittMelamine (1, 3, 5-triamino-2, 4, 6-triazine) resin, or melamine formaldehyde (MF) is one of the hardest and stiffest thermosetting polymers, which provides good properties and performance. It is an amino resin and has various material advantages, such as transparency, better hardness, thermal ...
Views: 392 - What Are Melamine Resin Particles? - by Submitted on Feb 01, 2023 from Thomas SchmittMelamine (1, 3, 5-triamino-2, 4, 6-triazine) resin, or melamine formaldehyde (MF) is one of the hardest and stiffest thermosetting polymers, which provides good properties and performance. It is an amino resin and has various material advantages, such as transparency, better hardness, thermal ...
Views: 381 - What are Metal Nanoclusters - by Submitted on Jan 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittMetal nanoclusters are a kind of nanomaterials with a size of less than 2 nm and stacked by 1 to 150 metal atoms. Metal nanoclusters have a typical core-shell structure, consisting of a metal atomic core and a ligand molecular shell. Ligands are usually substances that have strong covalent ...
Views: 353 - What Are Nano Secondary Antibodies - by Submitted on Sep 22, 2021 from Thomas SchmittAntibodies are biological protein molecules that are produced by immune B cells after being stimulated by antigens that can specifically bind to the antigen, and then neutralize the antigen. Because antibodies can specifically bind antigens with high affinity, antibodies have always been one of ...
Views: 367 - What Are Nanoclusters? - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2021 from Thomas SchmittNanoclusters are gold compounds with a core of metal atoms and organic groups covalently bound to the surface gold atoms. Due to their small size, these nanoclusters exhibit intrinsic near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence. What is cluster in nanotechnology? Clusters are small aggregates of ...
Views: 456 - What Are NanoPlates? - by Submitted on Jun 13, 2022 from Thomas SchmittNanoplates are classified as having only one dimension in the nanometre range. The most widely utilized types of nanoplates are silicate clay minerals (montmorillonite) and graphite, which both exist in the form of layered materials. The main advantage of layered nanomaterials is their ...
Views: 435 - What Are PEGs? - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2021 from Thomas SchmittPEGs (polyethylene glycols) are composed of polyether compounds repeating ethylene glycol units according to the constituent monomer or parent molecule (as ethylene glycol, ethylene oxide, or oxyethylene). Most PEGs are commonly available commercially as mixtures of different oligomer sizes in ...
Views: 400 - What Are Phosphate Magnetic Particles? - by Submitted on Apr 03, 2023 from Thomas SchmittPhosphonates or phosphonic acids are organic compounds containing C–PO(OH)2 or C–PO(OR)2 groups (where R = alkyl, aryl). Most phosphonates are highly water-soluble, while phosphonic acids are only sparingly soluble. Phosphonates are not volatile and are poorly soluble in organic solvents. ...
Views: 316 - What Are PMMA Micro- and Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Oct 30, 2023 from Thomas SchmittPoly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) micro- and nanoparticles are highly spherical, optically clear, and can be dissolved with solvents. These PMMA particles are hydrophilic, transparent, amorphous and colorless thermoplastics that are featured with excellent UV resistance. What is PMMA used ...
Views: 304 - What Are Polyethylenimine Magnetic Particles? - by Submitted on May 08, 2023 from Thomas SchmittPolyethylenimine (PEI) is a cationic polymer that contains repeating units composed of an amine group and a CH2CH2 spacer. Notably, PEI is an organic polymer that has the highest positive charge density potential as every third atom of this polymer is a protonable amino nitrogen. Two forms of ...
Views: 311 - What Are Polystyrene Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Jan 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittPlastic may be degraded into micro-particles Views: 413
- What Are Silver Nanoparticles Used For? - by Submitted on Apr 22, 2021 from Thomas SchmittThe silver nanoparticle is a metallic silver substance with nanometer particle size. Silver nanoparticles, with a particle size of about 25 nm, can strongly inhibit and kill dozens of pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Neisseria gonorrhea, and Chlamydia trachomatis, and there is ...
Views: 412 - What Are Sphingolipids? - by Submitted on Nov 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittSphingolipids are the most structurally diverse class of membrane lipids, being composed of over 70 long-chain (sphingoid) bases, dozens of amide-linked fatty acids, and more than 300 headgroups. Sphingolipids are present in all eukaryotic and some prokaryotic organisms. 1.What Is The ...
Views: 435 - What are Strongyloides? - by Submitted on May 24, 2022 from Thomas SchmittStrongyloides is an opportunistic pathogenic parasitic nematode. Adults parasitize in the small intestine of cats, dogs and humans. The larvae can invade lung, brain, liver, kidney and other tissues and organs, causing strongyloidiasis. The disease is mainly prevalent in warm and humid tropical ...
Views: 367 - What Are The Influencing Factors of Drug Percutaneous Absorption - by Submitted on Jun 24, 2021 from Thomas SchmittIn the clinical transdermal drug delivery process, there are many factors that affect the transdermal absorption of the drug, mainly including: skin hydration, skin temperature, skin conditions, and skin locations. Skin Hydration The phenomenon that the water content of the skin exceeds the ...
Views: 340 - What Are Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Mar 26, 2022 from Thomas SchmittTitanium dioxide (TiO2) semiconductor nanoparticles are one kind of important and promising photocatalysts in photocatalysis because of their unique optical and electronic properties. Their properties, which are determined by the preparation method, are very crucial in photocatalysis. What ...
Views: 312 - What Are Upconverting Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Mar 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittUpconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are nanoscale particles, with diameter from 1nm to 100 nm that can exhibit photon upconversion. Since François formally proposed the concept of upconversion luminescence in 1966, to the introduction of nanotechnology in the 1990s, scientists have synthesized ...
Views: 447 - What is a Micro Needle Array Based on Nanomaterials? - by Submitted on Jul 16, 2023 from Thomas SchmittMicro needle (MN) is a micro needle-shaped structure, the length of 100 ~ 1000μm, the bottom diameter of several hundred micrometers, the tip diameter is less than a few dozen micrometer, usually in the form of micro- needle array sticker, can penetrate the skin surface cortex to form ...
Views: 286 - What is Antibody KD - by Submitted on Jun 24, 2021 from Thomas SchmittIn chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, the dissociation constant (KD) is a specific type of equilibrium constant used to measure the tendency of larger objects to reversibly separate (dissociate) into smaller components, such as When the complex decomposes into its component molecules or ...
Views: 489 - What is Antibody KD - by Submitted on Jul 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittIn chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, the dissociation constant (KD) is a specific type of equilibrium constant used to measure the tendency of larger objects to reversibly separate (dissociate) into smaller components, such as When the complex decomposes into its component molecules or ...
Views: 391 - What is Antibody-Dependent Enhancement - by Submitted on May 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittAfter the host is infected by the virus, the immune system can generate a corresponding immune response. Antibodies specific to viral surface proteins produced at this time can often prevent the virus from adhering to the surface of host cells, making it incapable of infecting cells. However, in ...
Views: 277 - What is Candida Albicans Infection? - by Submitted on Jun 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittIn recent years, with the changes in human environment and diseases, the incidence of fungal infections has been increasing year by year. Candida albicans is one of the important pathogens causing fungal infections. In addition, it is also an important food-borne pathogen. Therefore, it is of ...
Views: 295 - What Is Chitosan? - by Submitted on Apr 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittChitosan is the second most abundant biopolymer in the world, only less than cellulose. It is a versatile biopolymer with unique properties, and is nontoxic, biodegradable and biocompatible. Chitosan is discovered by Rouget in 1859, when the chitin was treated with hot potassium hydroxide ...
Views: 363 - What is Dengue fever? - by Submitted on Apr 23, 2019 from Thomas SchmittDengue fever is a global acute infectious disease caused by dengue virus (DV). It is widely spread in tropical and subtropical regions. Its clinical manifestations include high fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, sometimes accompanied by rash, lymphadenopathy and leukopenia. Symptoms, when ...
Views: 683 - What is FGL2? - by Submitted on Jun 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittInflammation is a series of complex response events produced by the host system to pathogen infection and various tissue injuries. When the inflammatory response continues, it enters the stage of “uncontrollable inflammation”, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ...
Views: 280 - What is Herpes Simplex Virus? - by Submitted on Jan 23, 2024 from Thomas SchmittHerpes simplex virus (HSV) belongs to the herpesvirus alpha subfamily and has a unique 4-layer structure. The core of HSV is a linear double-stranded DNA of about 152 000 bp, surrounded by an icosahedral capsid. The outer capsid is a membrane, which contains more than 20 important proteins that ...
Views: 218 - What is Hippocampus? - by Submitted on Apr 23, 2019 from Thomas SchmittThe hippocampus is one of the most studied parts of the brain (the cerebral cortex) in the central nervous system of mammals. Because the shape is similar to the hippocampus, it is called the hippocampus. In the human brain, the hippocampus is mainly responsible for learning and memory. The ...
Views: 642 - What is Mitochondrial Disease? - by Submitted on Jun 02, 2019 from Thomas SchmittMitochondria are a subcellular structure prevalent in eukaryotic cells and the most important source of energy in cells. Most tissue cells in the human body rely on oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria to obtain the energy needed to maintain their metabolism. Mitochondria not only play an ...
Views: 464 - What is Nano Dressing? - by Submitted on Oct 30, 2023 from Thomas SchmittNanotechnology has not only received attention and applications in the field of drug delivery, but also has achieved many successes in the field of tissue engineering. Nano dressings can be defined as dressings in which nanomaterials are the matrix. The birth of nano dressings has brought new ...
Views: 323 - What Is Nucleic Acid Extraction? - by Submitted on Nov 29, 2022 from Thomas SchmittNucleic acid is the main material for storing, copying, and transmitting genetic information. Nucleic acid extraction is one of the most fundamental steps in molecular biology applications and is a prerequisite for many experiments. The quality of extracted nucleic acid will directly affect the ...
Views: 313 - What Is Polylactide? - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2023 from Thomas SchmittPolylactide (PLA), also the polylactic acid, is the biodegradable hydrolyzable aliphatic semicrystalline polyester that can be produced through the direct condensation reaction of its monomer, lactic acid, as the oligomer, and also by a ring-opening polymerization of the cyclic lactide ...
Views: 327 - What is Procalcitonin (PCT)? - by Submitted on Mar 27, 2024 from Thomas SchmittProcalcitonin (PCT) is the propeptide of calcitonin. The production of procalcitonin during infection and sepsis does not depend on calcitonin levels, but is closely related to the release of endotoxin and inflammatory mediators in bacterial infection. Traditional biological markers, clinical ...
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