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Articles from Thomas Schmitt | Selfgrowth.com
- Mechanism of EBV to Invade Host Cells - by Submitted on Jul 20, 2022 from Thomas SchmittEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a kind of γ-herpes virus that is infected with human beings. In 1964, the Epstein team found in Burkittlymphoma (BL) that it consists of a double-chain DNA of 184 KB, mainly through saliva spread. 95%of the world’s people have been infected with EBV, which can be ...
Views: 317 - What Are Phosphate Magnetic Particles? - by Submitted on Apr 03, 2023 from Thomas SchmittPhosphonates or phosphonic acids are organic compounds containing C–PO(OH)2 or C–PO(OR)2 groups (where R = alkyl, aryl). Most phosphonates are highly water-soluble, while phosphonic acids are only sparingly soluble. Phosphonates are not volatile and are poorly soluble in organic solvents. ...
Views: 316 - What Are Heparins? - by Submitted on Apr 25, 2022 from Thomas SchmittHeparin, also known as standard heparin or unfractionated heparin, is a linear polysaccharide consisting of 1-4 linked disaccharide repeat units of uronic acid and glucosamine residues. Heparin was discovered nearly 100 years ago and has been used clinically as a blood anticoagulant since 1935. ...
Views: 313 - What Is Nucleic Acid Extraction? - by Submitted on Nov 29, 2022 from Thomas SchmittNucleic acid is the main material for storing, copying, and transmitting genetic information. Nucleic acid extraction is one of the most fundamental steps in molecular biology applications and is a prerequisite for many experiments. The quality of extracted nucleic acid will directly affect the ...
Views: 313 - The Life Cycle of Epstein-Barr Virus - by Submitted on Jul 20, 2022 from Thomas SchmittEpstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a large enveloped virus of double-stranded DNA among the eight known herpesviruses. After EBV infection of cells, it accumulates in the nucleus, and there are two life cycles, with alternating phases of latency and lysis. EBV infection is associated with a variety of ...
Views: 312 - What Are Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Mar 26, 2022 from Thomas SchmittTitanium dioxide (TiO2) semiconductor nanoparticles are one kind of important and promising photocatalysts in photocatalysis because of their unique optical and electronic properties. Their properties, which are determined by the preparation method, are very crucial in photocatalysis. What ...
Views: 312 - How to Know Ultrasound Imaging Contrast Agents in 5 Minutes? - by Submitted on Sep 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittUltrasound imaging is a well-established clinical imaging technique that provides real-time, quantitative anatomical and physiological information about the human body. It uses high-frequency sound waves to look inside the body, and as ultrasound images are captured in real-time, they can also ...
Views: 311 - What Are Polyethylenimine Magnetic Particles? - by Submitted on May 08, 2023 from Thomas SchmittPolyethylenimine (PEI) is a cationic polymer that contains repeating units composed of an amine group and a CH2CH2 spacer. Notably, PEI is an organic polymer that has the highest positive charge density potential as every third atom of this polymer is a protonable amino nitrogen. Two forms of ...
Views: 311 - New Research Shows That Shark Antibody-Like Protein Can Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 - by Submitted on Jan 05, 2022 from Thomas SchmittAccording to a new study published in December, small, unique antibody-like proteins called VNARs—from the shark’s immune system—can prevent the virus SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19, its variants, and related coronaviruses from infecting human cells. This work is published in Nature ...
Views: 310 - Is Aspartame Safe? - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2023 from Thomas SchmittAspartame is an artificial dipeptide sweetener, which is synthesized from L-phenylalanine and aspartic acid, and its scientific name is L-aspartic acid-L-phenylalanine methyl ester. It is a white crystalline powder that can be hydrolyzed into aspartic acid and phenylalanine in the body acid, ...
Views: 309 - Research Status of Virus Vaccines - by Submitted on Dec 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittSince the discovery of cowpox inoculation to prevent smallpox in the 18th century, vaccines have become an important means for human beings to resist pathogen infection and prevent the occurrence of diseases. Although immunization has eliminated or controlled the spread and pathogenic hazards of ...
Views: 309 - Gene Carrier Based on Nanomaterials - by Submitted on Mar 03, 2023 from Thomas SchmittGene therapy refers to the introduction of normal foreign genes into target cells to compensate or correct diseases caused by gene defects or abnormalities, so as to achieve the purpose of treatment. Naked DNA usually requires physical methods to enter tissues or cells, and DNA is easily ...
Views: 307 - The Function of Drug Coating - by Submitted on Oct 31, 2022 from Thomas SchmittCoating refers to the unit operation of applying a layer of outer coating material to the dry surface of the formulation. This coating material not only makes the product easier to identify, but even improves the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug by altering its release: ensuring that the ...
Views: 307 - Can PIVKA-II be Used in Liver Cell Cancer Research? - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2023 from Thomas SchmittHepatocellular cancer (HCC) is a clinically common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, which is seriously harmful to human health, and according to the survey, liver cancer accounts for the fifth largest incidence of tumors worldwide and the third mortality rate. At present, liver cancer in ...
Views: 306 - Gene Structure and Function of Porcine Pseudorabies Virus - by Submitted on Dec 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittPorcine pseudorabies (PR) is an acute infectious disease of pigs caused by porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV). PRV belongs to the herpesviridae family, the alphaherpesviridae subfamily, and the genus porcine herpesvirus, which is a linear DNA virus. PRV can cause vomiting, high fever and ...
Views: 306 - Type 1 Diabetes Autoantibody Research - by Submitted on Oct 30, 2023 from Thomas SchmittType 1 diabetes (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of beta cells first, leading to the destruction of related pancreatic islet function. In patients with this disease, generally their humoral immunity and cellular immunity cannot work normally. Humoral immunity is ...
Views: 306 - Immunological Study on Human Metapneumovirus - by Submitted on Jul 16, 2023 from Thomas SchmittSince Dutch researchers discovered human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in 2001, hMPV and its subtypes have been detected in many countries. hMPV is a respiratory pathogenic virus, which belongs to paramyxovirus, and can express a variety of proteins. Among them, the G, F, and M2 gene proteins are the ...
Views: 305 - What Are PMMA Micro- and Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Oct 30, 2023 from Thomas SchmittPoly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) micro- and nanoparticles are highly spherical, optically clear, and can be dissolved with solvents. These PMMA particles are hydrophilic, transparent, amorphous and colorless thermoplastics that are featured with excellent UV resistance. What is PMMA used ...
Views: 304 - Food Allergen Sensitization Assessment Method-In Vivo Measurement - by Submitted on Apr 15, 2022 from Thomas SchmittFood allergy (food hypersensitivity) is an abnormal reaction of the body’s immune system caused by food. More precisely, it is an allergic reaction caused by allergens in food. Food allergy has become a global public health problem. According to reports, the incidence of allergic reactions in ...
Views: 303 - What Are Carbon Quantum Dots? - by Submitted on Feb 28, 2022 from Thomas SchmittCarbon dots, also known as carbon quantum dots (CQDs, CDs, or C-dots) or graphene quantum dots, possess chemical structure and physical properties similar to those of graphene oxide. Carbon quantum dots were accidentally discovered during purification of single-wall nanotubes in 2004 and have ...
Views: 303 - CdSe Quantum Dots You Don’t Want to Miss - by Submitted on Apr 25, 2022 from Thomas SchmittQuantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanoparticles which exhibit size and composition-dependent optical and electronic (optoelectronic) properties. QDs are ultrasmall, typically falling in the size range between 1.5 and 10.0 nm. QDs are new types of fluorescent materials for biological labeling. ...
Views: 302 - Introduction of Complement Component 5 Receptor - by Submitted on Aug 24, 2022 from Thomas SchmittThe complement system is considered to be a biological effector system composed of a group of thermolabile enzymatically active globulins on the surface of serum, tissue fluid and cell membrane. The membrane attack complex is finally formed by a complex enzymatic cascade reaction, which realizes ...
Views: 302 - African Swine Fever Virus Detection Method - by Submitted on Oct 31, 2022 from Thomas SchmittAfrican swine fever(ASF) is a contagious infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV) that spreads only among domestic pigs and wild boars, with a rapid onset, short course of disease, and a fatality rate of 100%. This article summarizes the latest progress in the detection ...
Views: 301 - The Return of Bird Flu - by Submitted on Nov 28, 2022 from Thomas SchmittAccording to data from the European Food Safety Authority, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and the EU Avian Influenza Reference Laboratory, large-scale bird flu has occurred in Europe since June in 2022, affecting 37 European countries, from Norway to Sri Lanka. The Valbar ...
Views: 300 - Transglutaminases in Medical Research - by Submitted on Mar 03, 2023 from Thomas SchmittTransglutaminase (TGase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the acyl transfer reaction. It uses the C-carboxamide group of the glutamine residue in the peptide bond as the acyl donor, and the E-amino group of the lysyl residue in the polypeptide chain as the acyl acceptor, forming intramolecular and ...
Views: 300 - Gold Nanoparticles in Medicine: A Tiny Marvel with Big Potential - by Submitted on Nov 27, 2023 from Thomas SchmittWith the continuous development of nanotechnology, gold nanoparticles are widely used in the field of medicine. Gold nanoparticles not only have good controllability, biocompatibility, and biosorption, but also have a high degree of stability, and can achieve specific biometrics and functions ...
Views: 299 - Antibody-Immunoglobulin - by Submitted on May 08, 2023 from Thomas SchmittAntibody, also called Immunoglobulin, is a large Y globulin secreted by Effector B cell which is used in identifying and neutralizing the outsiders like bacterial and virus. Antibody is only found in blood ,body fluid and cytomembrane’s surface of Vertebrate. In addition, antiboy can identify ...
Views: 298 - Calprotectin in Inflammatory Diseases - by Submitted on May 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittInflammation is an important defense response of the body that can control and clear various endogenous or exogenous damaging factors acting on the body, and also has a role in repairing damage. However, excessive or persistent inflammation can also cause damage to tissues and organs. ...
Views: 297 - Research Progress of Pectin and Its Medical Application - by Submitted on May 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittPectin is a hydrophilic vegetable gum. Widely present in the fruits, roots, stems and leaves of higher plants, it is a component of the cell wall. The pectin ontent of different plants or different parts of the same plant varies greatly. So far, only a few plants with high pectin content have ...
Views: 297 - A Non-invasive Test for Detecting and Locating Cancer Cells - by Submitted on Mar 03, 2023 from Thomas SchmittWhen diagnosing cancer, most of the tests used by doctors (such as mammography, colonoscopy, and CT scans) are based on imaging. Engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have now created new diagnostic nanoparticles that can be used to monitor tumor recurrence after treatment or to ...
Views: 296 - What is Candida Albicans Infection? - by Submitted on Jun 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittIn recent years, with the changes in human environment and diseases, the incidence of fungal infections has been increasing year by year. Candida albicans is one of the important pathogens causing fungal infections. In addition, it is also an important food-borne pathogen. Therefore, it is of ...
Views: 295 - Influenza A: Unraveling the Mystery of H1N1 and H3N2 - by Submitted on Apr 03, 2023 from Thomas SchmittInfluenza A viruses, the culprits of respiratory illness in humans, are a complex and multifaceted group of viruses. Among the numerous subtypes of Influenza A, H1N1 and H3N2 with a notorious history of causing seasonal epidemics and pandemics, demand special attention. Influenza A H1N1, also ...
Views: 294 - Research Progress of PROTAC in the Treatment of Malignant Tumors - by Submitted on Dec 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittMalignant tumors are a major global public health problem, the leading cause of death in developing countries and the second leading cause of death in developed countries. Traditional treatment methods such as surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have serious side effects on the ...
Views: 292 - Legionella Pathogenicity Detection Method - by Submitted on Sep 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittLegionnaires’ disease (LD) first broke out on a large scale at a military rally in Philadelphia in 1976, killing 34 people. Since then, there have been outbreaks or sporadic transmission of Legionnaires’ disease in the community, in hospitals, and in travel. Legionella is a facultative ...
Views: 291 - Research on Capsular Polysaccharide Protein Conjugate Vaccine of Streptococcus Pneumoniae - by Submitted on Nov 27, 2023 from Thomas SchmittStreptococcus pneumoniae is a class of Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria that was first isolated in 1881. The chemical composition of the mucus layer on the surface of Streptococcus pneumoniae is a polysaccharide capsule, which is the main pathogenic substance of Streptococcus pneumoniae and has ...
Views: 290 - Application of 3D Printing Bioinks Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine - by Submitted on Dec 26, 2023 from Thomas SchmittIntroduction to 3D Printing In the 1980s, American engineer Charles Hull developed rapid prototyping technology by combining points and surfaces and then using light reinforcement. After numerous failures, he finally invented stereolithography technology. Based on this technology, the world’s ...
Views: 289 - An Overview of Research on Human Metapneumovirus Infection - by Submitted on Jul 16, 2023 from Thomas SchmittRespiratory tract infection is an important cause of human morbidity and death worldwide and one of the main causes of death in children under 5 years old. Since 2001, researchers in the Netherlands reported a new virus related to respiratory tract infections in humans, especially infants – ...
Views: 288 - A Short Biography of Carbon Dots - by Submitted on Jun 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittCarbon dots (CDs) are a new type of zero-dimensional fluorescent nanomaterials with a size of less than 10 nm, which are composed of a graphitized sp2 carbon core and a shell containing abundant groups such as amino groups, ether groups, carbonyl groups, and hydroxyl groups on the surface, has ...
Views: 287 - Application of Transfersomes and Ethosomes in Transdermal Drug Delivery - by Submitted on Jun 01, 2021 from Thomas Schmitthe transfersomes is a self-aggregating vesicle obtained by formulating and improving on the basis of liposomes, also known as flexible nano-liposomes (FNL). It is a lipid carrier obtained by adding surfactants (such as sodium cholate, polysorbate, spaan, sodium deoxycholate, etc.) to liposome ...
Views: 287 - Research Finds Antibodies Show Promise for Treatment of Hantavirus - by Submitted on May 24, 2022 from Thomas SchmittAn international team of researchers has discovered the first human antibody that effectively neutralizes two types of hantaviruses in animal models, according to a study published online in the journal Science Translational Medicine. Based on their preliminary results, the antibody appears to ...
Views: 287 - How Do Silver Nanoparticles Kill Bacteria? - by Submitted on Jun 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are particles composed of silver atoms, and their particle sizes are usually in the range of 100 nm. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, silver nanoparticles have been widely used in medical, food, health, consumer, and industrial fields. These ...
Views: 286 - What is a Micro Needle Array Based on Nanomaterials? - by Submitted on Jul 16, 2023 from Thomas SchmittMicro needle (MN) is a micro needle-shaped structure, the length of 100 ~ 1000μm, the bottom diameter of several hundred micrometers, the tip diameter is less than a few dozen micrometer, usually in the form of micro- needle array sticker, can penetrate the skin surface cortex to form ...
Views: 286 - The Relationship Between Gangliosides and Nervous System Development - by Submitted on Sep 20, 2023 from Thomas SchmittGangliosides (GA) are a class of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) containing sialic acid, which are widely distributed in tissues and body fluids, and are most abundant in the nervous system, where their expression accounts for 10 % ~ 12% of the total lipids in nerve cell membranes. Gangliosides ...
Views: 285 - Advances in Research on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles to Amplify Tumor Imaging Signals - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2023 from Thomas SchmittIron oxide nanoparticles have high stability, good dispersion, simple preparation and good biocompatibility. They have shown a wide range of application prospects in the fields of sensor detection, disease diagnosis, gene therapy vectors, and targeted drug delivery. Recently, a research team has ...
Views: 283 - Mastering Colloidal Gold Handling, Storage, and Applications - by Submitted on Sep 20, 2023 from Thomas SchmittColloidal gold is a certain-size gold particle synthesized by gold ion reduction and polymerization of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) under the action of reducing agents such as white phosphorus, ascorbic acid, sodium citrate, tannic acid, and so on. Due to electrostatic action, gold particles repel ...
Views: 283 - Breakthrough Ideas for Parkinson’s Disease Treatment - by Submitted on Feb 01, 2023 from Thomas SchmittParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bilateral motor (eg, bradykinesia, resting tremor, postural instability, rigidity) and nonmotor (eg, memory loss, depression) disability. About 10 million people worldwide suffer from Parkinson’s disease. ...
Views: 282 - What is FGL2? - by Submitted on Jun 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittInflammation is a series of complex response events produced by the host system to pathogen infection and various tissue injuries. When the inflammatory response continues, it enters the stage of “uncontrollable inflammation”, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ...
Views: 280 - How Do You Test Staphylococcus aureus? - by Submitted on May 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittStaphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen causing suppurative infection in humans and animals, and it is also one of the common pathogens causing human food poisoning. Staphylococcus aureus is widely distributed in nature, such as air, soil, water, and other environments. This bacteria is ...
Views: 279 - Natural Nanocarriers for Delivery Protein Drug - by Submitted on Sep 20, 2023 from Thomas SchmittProtein accounts for 18-20% of the total mass of the human body and is the main carrier of human life activity. Protein has a range of complex functions in the organism, and many human diseases are closely related to the functional regulation of protein. For example, Parkinson’s disease (PD). It ...
Views: 278 - What is Antibody-Dependent Enhancement - by Submitted on May 28, 2023 from Thomas SchmittAfter the host is infected by the virus, the immune system can generate a corresponding immune response. Antibodies specific to viral surface proteins produced at this time can often prevent the virus from adhering to the surface of host cells, making it incapable of infecting cells. However, in ...
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