Particular viruses have been identified as gene delivery vehicles to carry specific genetic materials into certain cells or tissues to provide either temporary or permanent transgene expression while avoiding immunosurveillance. This technology has long been appealing because of its superiority ... Views: 209
Prion disease, also Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), is a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders triggered by abnormal folding of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into the aggregation prone for PrPSc, accompanied by neuronal death, spongiform degeneration, and gliosis in the central nervous ... Views: 360
Equipped with data management experts and advanced technologies, Creative Biolabs improves drug-drug interactions detection and monitoring methods to shepherd compounds through the drug research and development pipeline.
An in-depth safety assessment is extremely necessary throughout drug ... Views: 172
The natural steroid hormones are generally synthesized from cholesterol in the gonads and adrenal glands while numerous artificial types have been contrived by advanced synthetic techniques. Steroid hormones, regardless of their source, are helpful in controlling metabolism, inflammation, immune ... Views: 175
Next-generation probiotics (NGPs) contain microorganisms, most of which are bacteria similar to the beneficial ones that naturally occur in the human gut. They differ from conventional probiotics since their application goes beyond food or dietary supplements and are exploited in pharmaceutical ... Views: 174
Since the first doxorubicin-loaded liposomes came out, numerous studies have been conducted to develop new liposomal formulations over the past decade. Experts at Creative Biolabs also devoted much effort to this field and reaped comprehensive liposomal formulation technologies that can be ... Views: 167
The extensive use of lead and its compounds in industrial production has resulted in severe lead contamination which is listed as one of the most concerning environmental problems. Owing to its broad presence and particular toxicity, human beings are vulnerably exposed to lead-contaminated ... Views: 178
Pharmaceutical quality affects millions of households and individuals. Therefore the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) carried out the Current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) regulations to assure the safety of human pharmaceuticals. Recently, the FDA conducted plentiful regulatory actions ... Views: 166
Lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDS) are innovated to address the challenges of poor bioavailability of drugs. As the key element in LBDDS, liposomes demonstrate significant biocompatibility and drug encapsulation ability, indicating that they could contribute to the delivery of ... Views: 177
In recent years, food addictive abuse has aroused public concerns since it will jeopardize human health to a great extent. Governments of most countries have issued strict regulations on addictive use in the food industry, which requires a set of technical supports to conduct detection. ... Views: 197
Recently, it is reported that some stunning breakthroughs have been made in gene-editing techniques to treat diversified diseases. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) is such a gene-editing achievement, which has attracted great attention because of its high ... Views: 191
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with unlimited self-renewal potential. They are capable of developing into a variety of different cell types in the body. Stem cells, based on their origin, can be categorized into embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells, which can be ... Views: 191
The complement system consists of a group of nearly 60 proteins that are found in the blood plasma or on the surface of some cells. The complement system is well known for its role in innate immunity and in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, providing a first line of defense against ... Views: 201
Within the fields of molecular biology and pharmacology, a small molecule is a low molecular weight organic compound that may regulate a biological process, with a size on the order of 1 nm. Small molecules include peptides, native small molecules, chemically synthesized small molecules and so ... Views: 215
Next generation probiotics (NGPs), also sometimes referred to as live biotherapeutics, are probiotics that act in a pharmaceutical capacity by shifting the gut microbiome to address specific needs. These potentially beneficial bacteria are gradually grouped to form the NGPs. With the development ... Views: 173
An emulsion is a biphasic, metastable coarse dispersion of two immiscible materials, usually liquids (typically oil and water), that produces a semisolid. Common emulsions can be oil suspended in water or aqueous phase (o/w) or water suspended in oil (w/o). In addition to these two types, a ... Views: 193
Adoptive cell therapy has emerged as a novel and promising treatment option for relapsed and refractory malignancies. This therapy, which commonly uses T cells extracted from the patient, has shown effective results, especially in many hematological malignancies. However, there have been ... Views: 189
Although the field of drug delivery systems (DDS) has undergone a critical leap in the past few decades, the main drawback of most potential drugs is the inability to achieve targeted effects. Generally, cancer treatment includes chemotherapy, surgery and radiation, but all three have ... Views: 224
There are trillions of bacteria and other microorganisms in the human intestine, which together constitute the intestinal microflora. And the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) contains the vast majority and most complex pool of immune cells. This microflora has a very close interaction with ... Views: 228
In the development of immunoassays for small organic molecules, as well known, hapten design plays a significant role. They have been successfully applied in many fields such as food, medicine, and environmental protection, and have achieved relatively ideal detection results. Haptens are ... Views: 207
Monoclonal antibodies are essential tools for many molecular immunology investigations. They are laboratory-produced molecules designed to replace antibodies that can restore, enhance or mimic the immune system's attack on cancer cells. There are usually two ways to kill or induce the death of ... Views: 213
Adenoviruses are nonenveloped particles with a diameter of 70-100 nm, consisting of one linear piece of double-stranded DNA inside an icosahedral capsid. Adenovirus, a DNA virus, was first isolated in the 1950s in adenoid tissue-derived cell cultures, hence the name. Till now, more than 100 ... Views: 180
Stem cells are special human cells that can be differentiated into a variety of functional cells under certain conditions, and have the ability to repair or regenerate various diseased tissues. Stem cell research is one of the most dynamic, influential and promising fields of life science ... Views: 179
Cell therapy is a novel disease treatment technology that has emerged as a therapeutic strategy for cancer diseases in recent years. It is a minimally invasive procedure, which aims to repair the diseased state of the tissue or organ to its original state by transplanting human cells. Cell ... Views: 267
With more than 100 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) approved worldwide, therapeutic antibodies have become a major category in the pharmaceutical market and represent the fastest growing area of the biopharmaceutical industry. The targeting of surface antigens expressed on tumor cells by ... Views: 302
What is a pseudovirus? A pseudovirus is a recombinant viral particle artificially created by pseudotyping, and its core and envelope proteins are derived from different viruses. The parent virus used to generate a pseudovirus is typically a rhabdovirus (e.g., vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)) or ... Views: 242
Organ transplantation can save the lives of many patients whose organs have failed or have been damaged by disease or injury. However, more than 120,000 people in the US alone are on waiting lists for organs, and others face chronic problems due to the long-term damaging effects of ... Views: 188
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (abbreviated as ADCC), refers to the FC segment that binds to the FcR on the surface of killer cells (e.g. NK cells, macrophages, etc.), and then mediates the direct killing of target cells by killer cells. Antibodies are capable of both neutralizing ... Views: 253
Rotavirus is one of the main pathogens that cause diarrhea in babies and young children. It mainly infects the epithelial cells of the small intestine, which can cause cell damage and eventually lead to some symptoms. The name rotavirus comes from its wheel-like appearance observed under an ... Views: 220
Rotavirus is one of the main pathogens that cause diarrhea in babies and young children. It mainly infects the epithelial cells of the small intestine, which can cause cell damage and eventually lead to some symptoms. The name rotavirus comes from its wheel-like appearance observed under an ... Views: 214
With the increasing number of people who suffer from organ failures and the growing need for available organs for transplant, finding a new way to provide organs and therapeutic options to transplant patients is a critical need. However, the supply of organs available for transplantation is ... Views: 219
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are the conventional treatment modalities for cancer. However, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), or drug resistance and toxicity may develop during chemotherapy. Radiotherapy kills cancer cells that are dividing, but it also affects dividing cells of normal ... Views: 207
Cancer has become one of the leading causes of death in the world, therefore effective treatment strategies are needed to address the growing cancer burden. Chemotherapy has been established as a standard treatment in various cancer therapies, and hundreds of antitumor drugs have been developed ... Views: 203
The concept of liposome was first developed by Alec Bangham in 1965. Liposomes are spherical-shaped vesicles that can be created from cholesterol and natural non-toxic phospholipids, and their structure is similar to cell membranes. Liposomes have attracted attention as a carrier system for ... Views: 188
Viral hepatitis has become a major public health problem throughout the world affecting hundreds of millions of people. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has listed hepatitis virus as one of the important threats to global public health. Viral hepatitis is inflammation of the liver ... Views: 199
For many vexing diseases, such as heart failure, advanced diabetes, hemophilia, myeloma, advanced cirrhosis, etc., there is no complete cure for these diseases. The most effective method is allogeneic transplantation. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are considered a ... Views: 152
Since the advent of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology three decades ago, enormous progress has been made in the fields of biology and medicine. NGS is a deep, high-throughput, massively parallel or deep sequenced DNA or RNA sequencing technology that has revolutionized genomic ... Views: 204
With the development and improvement of modern biotechnology, antibody drugs have become the fastest-growing therapeutic drugs and occupy an important position in the field of biotechnology pharmaceuticals. An antibody (Ab) belongs to the immunoglobulin (Ig) family and is a glycoprotein that ... Views: 217
Cell lines are often used in place of primary cells to study biological processes. However, care must be taken when interpreting the results as cell lines do not always accurately replicate the primary cells. Types of cell lines including finite cell lines and infinite cell lines. Cell line ... Views: 239
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a deadly disease and is caused by an infection with four of five viruses of the genus Ebolavirus. The Ebola virus (EBOV) is currently the most dangerous of the known-EVD causing viruses. This virus has been spread widely around the world for millions of years until ... Views: 226
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an ancient virus that may have coevolved with different hosts over the last 90–100 million years. EBV, also known as human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), belongs to the herpesvirus family and is one of the most common viruses in humans. It infects more than 90% of human ... Views: 196
The growing use of stem cell treatment in transplants has enriched hopes to people that the regenerative strategy could one day become a treatment for a wide range of vexing diseases. Stem cells are primitive cells that can be classified into two main classes: pluripotent cells that can become ... Views: 166
iPSC technology has made great strides in the fields of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine since its emergence a decade ago. iPSCs are essentially derived from somatic stem cells and can be tailored to a patient's disease model. It is the primary source of cells for research into ... Views: 176
With the improvement of medical standards, a large number of previously considered incurable diseases have been cured with new drugs or, reply on advanced surgeries. Many biologists study various diseases and help humans to overcome a variety of medical difficulties. Recently, a relatively new ... Views: 264
When people are diagnosed with advanced cancer, surgery can remove the tumor but it can't stop the spread of the cancer cell. Numerous experiments and clinical trials have been carried out to find drugs for the treatment of cancer. And scientists have discovered the great potential of ... Views: 240
Cancer is so hard to treat. Every sixth death in the world is due to cancer, making it the second leading cause of death. Biomedical scientists have been looking for any possible ways to discover the ‘hidden secrets’ inside cancer cells. And they believe that if know the sequence of all human ... Views: 223
At the beginning of 2020, the world woke up to a deadly pandemic that ravaged every country, forming a global pandemic and imposing a heavy burden on public health, society, and the economy. Over 118 million individuals have been infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ... Views: 251
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV, abbreviated as CMV), also known as human herpesvirus 5 (HHV-5) in recent literature, belongs to the herpesviridae family and is a widely spread virus. The HCMV genome consists of a double-stranded DNA with approximately 230,000 bp enclosed by an icosahedral capsid ... Views: 186
In the 1960s, Ernest McCulloch and James Till, of the University of Toronto, defined the key functions and characteristics of stem cells for the first time. It has since upended humanity’s understanding of the traditional cognition of cytology and ushered the era of cell therapy. Stem cells are ... Views: 213
In 2012, John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in recognition of their contributions to the development of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Based on these findings, many expectations for iPSCs have emerged, opening up a world of possibilities for ... Views: 205