What is IVF? How does IVF Work?

In vitro fertilization (IVF)

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is the union of a woman's egg and a man's sperm in a laboratory dish. In vitro means outside the body. Fertilization means that the sperm has been fixed and has entered the egg.

How does IVF work?

Sometimes, this technology is known by its acronym: "IVF". It is one of the best-known types of assisted reproduction technology (TRA). In vitro fertilization works through a combination of medications and surgical procedures to make it easier for the sperm to fertilize the egg and help the fertilized egg implant in the uterus.

First, you take medications that cause several ovules to mature and be ready for fertilization. Then the doctor removes the ovules from your body and mixes them with the sperm in a laboratory to help the sperm fertilize the ovules. Then, you put 1 or more fertilized eggs ( embryos ) directly into the uterus. Pregnancy occurs if any of the embryos are implanted in the lining of the uterus.

IVF options has several steps, and it takes several months to complete the entire process. Sometimes it works on the first attempt, but in many cases, it takes more than 1 cycle of in vitro fertilization to achieve a pregnancy. In vitro fertilization definitely improves your chances of getting pregnant if you have fertility problems, but there is no guarantee; Each person's body is different, and in vitro fertilization does not work in all cases.

What are the side effects of in vitro fertilization?

Like all medications and medical procedures, in vitro fertilization has some possible risks and side effects. This includes the following:

Swelling
Abdominal pains
Breast tenderness
Mood changes
Headache
Hematomas due to injections
Allergic reaction to medications
Bleeding
Infection

You can talk with your doctor about all the questions or concerns you have about the risks of in vitro fertilization and side effects.

In vitro fertilization can also be difficult to overcome emotionally, both for the person receiving the treatment and for their partner or family members. Many people who undergo in vitro fertilization treatment fight depression and anxiety during the process.

Talking with people who have had fertility problems and have gone through in vitro fertilization can be helpful if you feel discouraged or overwhelmed. Communities online or in person are also good places to meet people who understand what you are going through and can offer you advice and support. Counselors and therapists can also be sources of comfort.

You can get more information about support groups and how to deal with the stress of fertility treatments in RESOLVE: The National Infertility Association. Your doctor, the fertility specialist or the local Planned Parenthood Health Center may also offer other resources and advice related to finding therapists or support groups in your area.