Hair Transplant- End of hair loss and balding

Hair transplant is an invasive surgical method in which the doctors transplant the hair from the donor area to the bald area. It is a cost-effective solution for treating hair loss. The hair that we extract is the area of the back and sides of the scalp because this area is generally resistant to the effect of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The surgeon can also take hair from other parts of the body like the beard, back, and upper chest in addition to scalp hair. The patient should have a healthy scalp and adequate donor grafts. Not everyone is a candidate for hair restoration. This method used for males and females who lost their hair due to trauma or burns or any surgical procedures or hyperthyroidism and radiation exposures. Male hair loss begins at the temples and the crown and female hair loss occurs at the frontal and parietal. The hair transplant is used because it is a natural-looking result. It is used when medicines are not giving a positive result. The process can be done by 2 methods:
1. Follicular unit extraction (FUE) hair transplant is the extraction of the hair follicle from the donor area and it transplanted into the bald area.
2. Follicular a unit hair transplant (FUHT) involves the extraction of the strip from the donor area and it transplants after dissecting into the individual hair follicle of the bald area. Strip containing hair follicles can be extracted only from the back and sides of the scalp.
FUE has more benefits than FUHT because it gives the natural look and it does not leave any scar except tiny holes in the donor area that will get heal within a few days after surgery. The patient also feels less post-operative discomfort. On the other hand, FUHT leaves a scar on the head when the strip is removed. Patients generally have feelings of tightness and discomfort for a longer period.
When a transplant is chosen for the patient then first examine his/her clinical history. Scalp examination, assessment, and planning of surgery are done. Hairline drawing on the scalp and the marking of the area where hair needs to be transplanted is done. On the day of surgery counseling of the patient and the hairline, designing is done. After counseling, the patient is tested for allergy to drugs. Before the procedure starts some medicines are given to the patient so as to ensure a comfortable experience. The patient changes the clothes and usually hair got trimmed off. In the procedure room, monitoring the blood pressure, pulse rate, and oxygen saturation is checked. Local anesthesia will be given on the scalp to minimize the pain of the patient to make it numb. After making the slits graft extraction process starts. Slits are made in the recipient area. The extraction of graft is done by using micro punches. Keep in mind of angulations and direction of existing hair. It requires good experience and knowledge. The placement of the graft is the same in both FUE and FUHT method. When the procedure completes, the surgeon place an antiseptic bandage to avoid any infection. After surgery, the surgeon will remove the bandage and the head wash at the clinic. The surgeon will provide post-operative instructions to the patient in print and also explain them verbally. After 10 days of surgery, the scab will be removed. Temporary hair shedding after surgery starts from 3 to 4 weeks and lasts up to 3 months.
A hair transplant is a permanent solution to baldness. This procedure has also some disadvantages like bleeding, infection, swelling of the scalp, etc. It is used because it has more advantages than disadvantages. Transplanted hair growth starts from 4th months onward and complete growth is expected within 8 to 12 month's time.
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